interface PhysicsBody {
  el: HTMLElement;
  x: number;
  y: number;
  vx: number;
  vy: number;
  width: number;
  height: number;
  originX: number;
  originY: number;
  isDragging: boolean;
  startX: number;
  startY: number;
}

export class GravityEngine {
  private bodies: PhysicsBody[] = [];
  private dirtyElements: HTMLElement[] = [];
  private animationFrameId: number | null = null;
  private isRunning = false;

  INITIAL_FORCE = 10;

  start() {
    if (this.isRunning) return;
    this.isRunning = true;
    this.dirtyElements = [];

    const containers = document.querySelectorAll(".gravity-body");
    const leafElements: HTMLElement[] = [];

    // Phase 1 — Size-lock: freeze intermediate container dimensions
    // so they don't collapse when children become position:fixed.
    const extractLeaves = (el: HTMLElement) => {
      const isSolid = ["SVG", "IMG", "BUTTON", "IFRAME", "A"].includes(
        el.tagName.toUpperCase(),
      );

      if (isSolid || el.children.length === 0) {
        if (el.offsetWidth > 0 && el.offsetHeight > 0) {
          leafElements.push(el);
        }
        return;
      }

      el.style.width = `${el.offsetWidth}px`;
      el.style.height = `${el.offsetHeight}px`;
      this.dirtyElements.push(el);

      Array.from(el.children).forEach((child) =>
        extractLeaves(child as HTMLElement),
      );
    };

    containers.forEach((container) => {
      const htmlContainer = container as HTMLElement;
      htmlContainer.style.width = `${htmlContainer.offsetWidth}px`;
      htmlContainer.style.height = `${htmlContainer.offsetHeight}px`;
      this.dirtyElements.push(htmlContainer);

      Array.from(htmlContainer.children).forEach((child) =>
        extractLeaves(child as HTMLElement),
      );
    });

    // Phase 2 — Read: batch all getBoundingClientRect() before any writes.
    const snapshots = leafElements.map((el) => ({
      el,
      rect: el.getBoundingClientRect(),
    }));

    // Phase 3 — Write: apply fixed positioning using snapshotted rects.
    this.bodies = snapshots.map(({ el, rect }) => {
      el.style.width = `${rect.width}px`;
      el.style.height = `${rect.height}px`;
      el.style.margin = "0px";
      el.style.position = "fixed";
      el.style.left = "0px";
      el.style.top = "0px";
      el.style.transform = `translate(${rect.left}px, ${rect.top}px)`;
      this.dirtyElements.push(el);

      const body: PhysicsBody = {
        el,
        x: rect.left,
        y: rect.top,
        vx: (Math.random() - 0.5) * 8,
        vy: (Math.random() - 0.5) * 5,
        width: rect.width,
        height: rect.height,
        originX: rect.left,
        originY: rect.top,
        isDragging: false,
        startX: 0,
        startY: 0,
      };

      this.attachMouseEvents(body);
      return body;
    });

    this.tick();
  }

  stop() {
    this.isRunning = false;
    if (this.animationFrameId) cancelAnimationFrame(this.animationFrameId);

    // Reset all children back to their normal document flow
    this.bodies.forEach((body) => {
      body.el.style.transform = "";
      body.el.style.position = "";
      body.el.style.left = "";
      body.el.style.top = "";
      body.el.style.width = "";
      body.el.style.height = "";
      body.el.style.margin = "";
    });

    // Reset parent containers
    const containers = document.querySelectorAll(".gravity-body");
    containers.forEach((container) => {
      const htmlContainer = container as HTMLElement;
      htmlContainer.style.width = "";
      htmlContainer.style.height = "";
    });

    this.bodies = [];
  }

  private attachMouseEvents(body: PhysicsBody) {
    // Prevent default drag behaviors that interfere with physics
    body.el.ondragstart = () => false;

    body.el.addEventListener("pointerdown", (e) => {
      body.isDragging = true;
      body.startX = e.clientX;
      body.startY = e.clientY;
      body.vx = 0;
      body.vy = 0;
      body.el.setPointerCapture(e.pointerId);
    });

    body.el.addEventListener("pointermove", (e) => {
      if (!body.isDragging) return;

      // Calculate velocity based on mouse movement for the "throw"
      body.vx = e.movementX * 0.5;
      body.vy = e.movementY * 0.5;

      body.x += e.movementX;
      body.y += e.movementY;
    });

    body.el.addEventListener("pointerup", (e) => {
      body.isDragging = false;
      body.el.releasePointerCapture(e.pointerId);

      // The Drag vs. Click Resolver
      const deltaX = Math.abs(e.clientX - body.startX);
      const deltaY = Math.abs(e.clientY - body.startY);

      // If the user moved the mouse less than 5px, treat it as a click
      if (deltaX > 5 || deltaY > 5) {
        // It was a drag. Prevent links from firing.
        e.preventDefault();
        e.stopPropagation();
      }
    });

    // Catch clicks at the capture phase to stop them if we were dragging
    body.el.addEventListener(
      "click",
      (e) => {
        const deltaX = Math.abs(e.clientX - body.startX);
        const deltaY = Math.abs(e.clientY - body.startY);
        if (deltaX > 5 || deltaY > 5) {
          e.preventDefault();
          e.stopPropagation();
        }
      },
      true,
    );
  }

  private tick = () => {
    if (!this.isRunning) return;

    const gravity = 0.5;
    const bounce = -0.7;
    const floorY = window.innerHeight;

    this.bodies.forEach((body) => {
      if (body.isDragging) {
        // Only update visually while dragging, physics are paused
        body.el.style.position = "fixed";
        body.el.style.left = "0px";
        body.el.style.top = "0px";
        body.el.style.transform = `translate(${body.x}px, ${body.y}px)`;
        return;
      }

      // Apply Gravity
      body.vy += gravity;
      body.x += body.vx;
      body.y += body.vy;

      // Apply Air Friction
      body.vx *= 0.99;
      body.vy *= 0.99;

      const rect = body.el.getBoundingClientRect();

      // Floor Collision
      if (body.y + rect.height > floorY) {
        body.y = floorY - rect.height;
        body.vy *= bounce;
        body.vx *= 0.9; // Ground friction
      }

      // Render Step
      body.el.style.position = "fixed";
      body.el.style.left = "0px";
      body.el.style.top = "0px";
      body.el.style.transform = `translate(${body.x}px, ${body.y}px)`;
    });

    this.animationFrameId = requestAnimationFrame(this.tick);
  };
}