fix(sqlite): atomic event queue claim

crates/adapters/sqlite/src/event_queue/mod.rs

@@ -127,51 +127,34 @@ struct QueueRow {
     id: i64,
     payload: String,
     attempts: i32,
+    next_attempt_at: String,
 }
 
+/// Claims a batch in one atomic statement. A read-then-write transaction can
+/// fail with SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT (517) when another connection commits in
+/// between, which `busy_timeout` cannot retry.
 async fn claim_batch(
     pool: &SqlitePool,
     config: &DbEventQueueConfig,
 ) -> Result<Vec<QueueRow>, DomainError> {
-    let mut tx = pool
-        .begin()
-        .await
-        .map_err(|e| DomainError::InfrastructureError(format!("begin tx: {e}")))?;
-
-    let rows = sqlx::query_as::<_, QueueRow>(
-        "SELECT id, payload, attempts FROM event_queue
-         WHERE status = 'pending'
-           AND next_attempt_at <= strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ', 'now')
-         ORDER BY next_attempt_at ASC
-         LIMIT ?",
+    let mut rows = sqlx::query_as::<_, QueueRow>(
+        "UPDATE event_queue SET status = 'processing'
+         WHERE id IN (
+             SELECT id FROM event_queue
+             WHERE status = 'pending'
+               AND next_attempt_at <= strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ', 'now')
+             ORDER BY next_attempt_at ASC
+             LIMIT ?
+         )
+         RETURNING id, payload, attempts, next_attempt_at",
     )
     .bind(config.batch_size)
-    .fetch_all(&mut *tx)
+    .fetch_all(pool)
     .await
-    .map_err(|e| DomainError::InfrastructureError(format!("select pending: {e}")))?;
-
-    if rows.is_empty() {
-        tx.rollback().await.ok();
-        return Ok(vec![]);
-    }
-
-    let placeholders = rows.iter().map(|_| "?").collect::<Vec<_>>().join(", ");
-    let sql = format!(
-        "UPDATE event_queue SET status = 'processing' WHERE id IN ({})",
-        placeholders
-    );
-    let mut q = sqlx::query(&sql);
-    for r in &rows {
-        q = q.bind(r.id);
-    }
-    q.execute(&mut *tx)
-        .await
-        .map_err(|e| DomainError::InfrastructureError(format!("mark processing: {e}")))?;
-
-    tx.commit()
-        .await
-        .map_err(|e| DomainError::InfrastructureError(format!("commit claim: {e}")))?;
+    .map_err(|e| DomainError::InfrastructureError(format!("claim batch: {e}")))?;
 
+    // RETURNING order is unspecified; deliver oldest first.
+    rows.sort_by(|a, b| (&a.next_attempt_at, a.id).cmp(&(&b.next_attempt_at, b.id)));
     Ok(rows)
 }
 
@@ -243,3 +226,6 @@ fn backoff_seconds(attempts: i32) -> i64 {
     let base: i64 = 5 * (1i64 << attempts.min(6));
     base.min(300)
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;

crates/adapters/sqlite/src/event_queue/tests.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+//! Inline (not under `tests/`) because `claim_batch` is private and the race
+//! only shows on its claim path; two pools on a file-backed WAL database are
+//! needed, as in production.
+
+use std::str::FromStr;
+
+use sqlx::SqlitePool;
+use sqlx::sqlite::{SqliteConnectOptions, SqliteJournalMode, SqlitePoolOptions};
+
+use super::{DbEventQueueConfig, claim_batch};
+
+async fn pool_on(path: &std::path::Path) -> SqlitePool {
+    let opts = SqliteConnectOptions::from_str(&format!("sqlite://{}", path.display()))
+        .unwrap()
+        .create_if_missing(true)
+        .journal_mode(SqliteJournalMode::Wal)
+        .busy_timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(5));
+    SqlitePoolOptions::new()
+        .max_connections(4)
+        .connect_with(opts)
+        .await
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+fn config(batch_size: i64) -> DbEventQueueConfig {
+    DbEventQueueConfig {
+        poll_interval_ms: 10,
+        batch_size,
+        max_attempts: 3,
+    }
+}
+
+async fn insert(pool: &SqlitePool, n: usize) {
+    for i in 0..n {
+        sqlx::query("INSERT INTO event_queue (event_type, payload) VALUES ('t', ?)")
+            .bind(format!("p{i}"))
+            .execute(pool)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 4)]
+async fn claiming_while_another_connection_writes_does_not_fail() {
+    let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let path = dir.path().join("q.db");
+    let claimer = pool_on(&path).await;
+    crate::migrate(&claimer).await.unwrap();
+    let writer = pool_on(&path).await;
+    insert(&claimer, 50).await;
+
+    let writer_task = {
+        let writer = writer.clone();
+        tokio::spawn(async move {
+            for i in 0..2000 {
+                sqlx::query("INSERT INTO event_queue (event_type, payload) VALUES ('t', ?)")
+                    .bind(format!("w{i}"))
+                    .execute(&writer)
+                    .await
+                    .unwrap();
+            }
+        })
+    };
+
+    let cfg = config(5);
+    let mut claimed = 0;
+    while !writer_task.is_finished() {
+        claimed += claim_batch(&claimer, &cfg)
+            .await
+            .expect("claim must not fail while another connection writes")
+            .len();
+    }
+    writer_task.await.unwrap();
+    assert!(claimed > 0);
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn claimed_rows_are_marked_processing_and_not_claimed_twice() {
+    let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+    let pool = pool_on(&dir.path().join("q.db")).await;
+    crate::migrate(&pool).await.unwrap();
+    insert(&pool, 5).await;
+
+    let cfg = config(3);
+    let first = claim_batch(&pool, &cfg).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(first.len(), 3);
+    let second = claim_batch(&pool, &cfg).await.unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(second.len(), 2);
+    assert!(claim_batch(&pool, &cfg).await.unwrap().is_empty());
+
+    let mut ids: Vec<i64> = first.iter().chain(&second).map(|r| r.id).collect();
+    ids.sort();
+    ids.dedup();
+    assert_eq!(ids.len(), 5, "no row claimed twice");
+    let (processing,): (i64,) =
+        sqlx::query_as("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM event_queue WHERE status = 'processing'")
+            .fetch_one(&pool)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(processing, 5);
+    let payloads: Vec<&str> = first.iter().map(|r| r.payload.as_str()).collect();
+    assert_eq!(payloads, ["p0", "p1", "p2"], "oldest first");
+}